Knoema.com - Rwanda http://ar.knoema.com 2021-06-23T13:31:19Z /favicon.png يمثل موقع Knoema مسار معرفتك الشخصية Rwanda Under the Presidency of Paul Kagame //ar.knoema.com/afuuong/rwanda-under-the-presidency-of-paul-kagame 2021-06-23T13:31:19Z Alex Kulikov ar.knoema.com://ar.knoema.com/user/1847910
Rwanda Under the Presidency of Paul Kagame

On August 4, President Paul Kagame won election to serve a third consecutive seven-year term as president of Rwanda, a small African country with a population of 12 million. President Kagame first served as president in 2000 when his predecessor, Pasteur Bizimungu, resigned. Some consider him to be among the longest serving world leaders based on his initial service as Rwanda’s Vice President and Minister of Defence.A 2015 national referendum introduced a constitutional amendment that lifted the two-term limit on presidents of Rwanda, allowing Kagame to run for his third term. In a further proposed amendment directed specifically to Kagame, he could be eligible for two additional 5-year terms after his third term, extending his presidency to 2034.  Long-time presidencies are often associated with authoritarian regimes, repression of opposition, and single-party domination, among other democracy-weakening themes. Paul Kagame is not an exception. The international community has loudly criticized the president for silencing opposition and running a one-party state while simultaneously praising the sustainable economic growth and social development Rwanda has experienced under Kagame. Comparing performance among key development measures during the 12-year presidency of Juvénal Habyarimana (his second and the third terms) and the first 14-years of President Paul Kagame, progress across several spheres, including personal welfare, health, economic growth, education, and safety, is evident.While by the late 1990s Rwanda’s GDP per capita was trending downward, it rebounded under Kagame to increase by nearly 50 percent. Real GDP growth was also stable at around 7 percent compared to more volatile growth during the 1983-1994 period that averaged only -2 percent.Kagame also presided over a 53 percent growth in life expectancy at birth, a 50 percent decline in infant mortality, and education levels that soared from just 1 percent of the population to 35 percent.Where progress was not as significant is safety: though the average annual number of battle-related fatalities in armed conflicts decreased slightly, there were at least three years during which at least 1,000 lives were lost while Kagame led the country: 1998, 2001, and 2009. Explore today’s visualizations to learn more about these and other economic and socio-demographic trends.

Alex Kulikov ar.knoema.com://ar.knoema.com/user/1847910
Kagame’s Rwanda | 2017 //ar.knoema.com/jaizvlg/kagame-s-rwanda-2017 2021-06-15T08:00:54Z Alex Kulikov ar.knoema.com://ar.knoema.com/user/1847910
Kagame’s Rwanda | 2017

Until a few years, the ago Rwandan Constitution allowed presidents to seek only two terms in office, but according to the constitutional amendment in 2015, Paul Kagame could potentially remain in power until 2034. Under his leadership, rebels saved the country from genocide in 1994 during which more than 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus were massacred by Hutu extremists. According to the Rwandan National Electoral Commission Twitter, President Kagame won more than 6.65 million votes in the August election, or approximately 98.6 percent of the voting population. Governance After the genocide, Rwanda needed to create strong governance institutions, particularly in the spheres of human, financial, and institutional resources. The African Governance Index suggests that Rwanda has made spectacular strides under Paul Kagame:Rule of law. The country has a low level of corruption, with a stable index score between 2006 and 2014.Level of accountability. Rwanda's score has increased by 29.9% since 2006. The current government publicly promotes transparency and accountability, the assumption of responsibility for actions, products, decisions, and policies including administrative oversight.National security. Rwanda's score has weakened, implying that the government has not adequately protected the population against crises, including, for example, political power, diplomacy, economic power, and military strength.Level of participation and human rights. The government is encouraging active participation in the government decision-making process, leading to a rising score during the 2006-2015 period.Level of sustainable economic opportunity. This measure shows continuous growth, particularly in terms of average annual gross domestic product.Level of human development. Rwanda has made the most progress of all ranked countries during the last 25 years. Economy After winning his third consectuive presidential term in August, President Kagame said he wouldwork to sustain economic growth. Despite local and international criticism in regard to human rights, oppostition management and other social issues, Kagame has built an economic lion.Rwandan economic growth exceeds 8 percent annually, according to the World Bank, making it one of the astest growing economies in Central Africa.Although the Rwandan inflation rate has fluctuated substantially in recent years, it trended downward through 2008, ending at 7.1 percent in early 2017. The rate of unemployment has remained stable since 2009, fluctuating within the 2.2  to 3.4 percent range.Rwanda's economic freedom score is also rising, leading to Rwanda scoring as the most-improved economic environment and, in 2012, ranking Rwanda third among African countries on the Economic Freedom Index. Security As terrorism and conflict data show, the number of fatalities in Rwanda significantly decreased relative to the Bizigumbu presidency. Injuries spiked, however, during the violent prelude to the 2010 elections.   Tourism Tourism receipts of Rwanda increased from $6 million in 1996 to $407 million in 2015 growing, an annual average growth rate of 31.75 percent.   Global Standing Rwanda has transitioned from desolate to hopeful during the last two decades for the reasons already described. But local social and living conditions have not experienced a similar rebound. In 2016, Rwanda was ranked 151 of 155 countries by level of happiness, with the happiness rating declining between 2015 and 2016. Discussion continue about democracy in Rwanda as well, with Rwanda scoring last in the Democracy Index.

Alex Kulikov ar.knoema.com://ar.knoema.com/user/1847910
Rwanda: Political Institutions and Development //ar.knoema.com/csajofe/rwanda-political-institutions-and-development 2018-06-22T16:05:17Z Balaji S ar.knoema.com://ar.knoema.com/user/1000220
Rwanda: Political Institutions and Development

For additional information on elections please visit each country's respective electoral commission web site: Rwanda - National Electoral Commission  

Balaji S ar.knoema.com://ar.knoema.com/user/1000220